Theoretical Estimation of the Optimum Cooling Rate of a Cell Suspension at Linear Freezing Modes Based on a Two Factor Theory of Cryodamage.

Background: According to the two-factor theory cryodamage arises from intracellular crystallization and solution effects due to freeze concentration.

Objective: The study aims to evaluate the contribution of two types of cryodamages that are related to extra- and intracellular crystallization.

Methods: The probability of intracellular crystal formation during cooling of cell suspension in cryoprotective solution has been determined based on general thermodynamics theory.