[Clinical toxicology of the Academy: yesterday, today and tomorrow].

National toxicology school of the Kirov Military Medical Academy, demonstrates the unity of clinical and experimental approaches related to one purpose throughout its history--saving human life and health from exposure to toxic substances of chemical nature. For more than three centuries the russian science of toxicology has been steadily developing, often ahead of the world science. It helped to create the means of protection and develop methods of treatment for chemical lesions.

[Iatrogenic pneumothorax].

The authors observed 32 cases of pneumothorax which developed as a result of doctors' manipulation: after pleural punction (10), hemosorption (5), acupuncture (4), puncture of vena subclavia (8), tracheostomy (2), manual therapy (2), installation of provisional artificial pacemaker (1). Diagnosis of complication was confirmed roentgenologically, nature of lung lesion was specified by thoracoscopy. Pleural punction (in 4 cases) and pleural drainage (in 28) were undertaken for the management of pneumothorax.

[Basic principles and characteristics of transcutaneous "reflective" oximetry].

The papers considers the main methods of mathematical description of light-biological tissue interactions in the context of problems of transcutaneous reflective oximetry. Provides a review of the most significant studies which have been recently performed in this field. By using them as an example, the paper analyzes the most serious problems arising in designing reflective oximeters and the main ways to solve them.