The role of nuclear fragmentations in high energy transfers to a micro-object exposed to primary space radiation.

This paper describes events of anomalously high energy transfer to a micro-object by fragments of nuclei generated in nuclear interactions in the environment on board a spacecraft in flight in low-Earth orbit. An algorithm has been developed that allows for the calculation of the absorbed energy from one or more fragments - products of nuclear interaction. With this algorithm the energy distributions for a spherical micro-volume in an aqueous medium were calculated.

Distributions of energy imparted to a micro-volume by secondary charged fragments of nuclear interactions in space radiation field.

The field of cosmic radiation at low-Earth orbit (LEO) has a complex composition. It always contains a component of secondary charged particles, formed by the products of nuclear interactions of the primary high-energy radiation with the nuclei of spacecraft's shielding material, electronic components and biological matter on board. Generation of this secondary radiation can be observed in some track detectors in the form of "stars" formed by tracks-fragments with a common vertex.

MEASUREMENT OF DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF SECONDARY RADIATION ONBOARD INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION BY MEANS OF PASSIVE DETECTORS.

The evaluation of different components of secondary radiation (charged fragments and neutrons) onboard ISS is described. Solid-state nuclear track detectors CR-39™ were applied for the measurements of short-range nuclear fragments, while the measurements of neutrons were carried out by means of thermo-luminescent dosimeters with various concentrations of 6Li and 7Li. The flux of charged secondaries and the gamma-equivalent neutron dose are presented in function of the low-LET dose in various modules of the Russian segment of ISS.

[MEASUREMENT OF SPACE RADIATION DOSES AND LINEAR ENERGY TRANSFER SPECTRA INSIDE BIOLOGICAL SATELLITE BION-M1].

The paper presents the results of measuring biologically significant characteristics of space radiation (spectra of linear energy transfer (LET), absorbed and equivalent doses and averaged quality factors) inside the descend capsule of biosatellite Bion-M1 in space experiment Bioradiation. Measurements combined the use of thermoluminescent detectors DTG-4 (TDL) and solid state nuclear track detectors CR-39 (Tastrak) (SSNTD). Differential and integral LET spectra of high-LET space radiation were determined in 4 points inside spacecraft using passive detectors assembles (PDA).

Measurement of LET distribution and absorbed dose from secondary particles on board the spacecraft.

Experimental technique for the measurement of linear energy transfer (LET) distribution and absorbed dose from the secondary particles of space radiation is considered. High sensitive nuclear emulsion detector is used for identification of nuclear fragments produced in nuclear interactions and recoil protons from elastic (n,p) scattering. The contribution of secondaries of different origin to the total LET spectrum is estimated.