Insecticides of neonicotinoides class: determining exposure via workers' urine.

For biomonitoring of exposure in workers with insectocaricides, the authors created a method of multi-component assessment oflowlevels of neonicotinomides in workers' urine, based on last generation tandem liquid mass-spectrometry (triple quadrupole) with ionization source - electrostatic dispersion (positive ionization) in dynamic multi-reaction monitoring with two transitions of parent ions (for quantitative assessment and ionic ratio confirmation). After the work, the operators gave urine samples (about 100 ml in average) that were frozen and kept under -20⁰C before analysis. Samples were defrozen before analysis, and each urine portion of 5 ml was diluted by equal volume of 0,1% formic acid.