Multifaceted role of inosine in complex diseases and human health.

Purines are chemical compounds integral to health and are crucial for the synthesis of nucleic acids. They are part of DNA and RNA and participate in various metabolic and signaling processes. They also function as neurotransmitters and serve as co-substrates for activating many metabolites.

Polymorphisms in the choline transporter SLC44A1 are associated with reduced cognitive performance in normotypic but not prenatal alcohol-exposed children.

Background: Choline is essential for healthy cognitive development. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs3199966(G), rs2771040(G)) within the choline transporter SLC44A1 increase risk for choline deficiency. In a choline intervention trial of children who experienced prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), these alleles are associated with improved cognition.

Erratum: Ancestral diversity improves discovery and fine-mapping of genetic loci for anthropometric traits-The Hispanic/Latino Anthropometry Consortium.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.

Novel Insights into the Effects of Genetic Variants on Serum Urate Response to an Acute Fructose Challenge: A Pilot Study.

Studies have shown that genetic variations can influence metabolic response to nutrient intake, and that diets rich in fructose contribute to hyperuricemia. In this pilot study, our aim was to determine the variability of serum urate in response to an acute fructose challenge and to investigate if genetic variants would affect this response in young to middle-aged adults who self-reported as Black or White. Fifty-seven participants consumed a fructose-rich beverage after an overnight fast.

Precision Nutrition: Recent Advances in Obesity.

"Precision nutrition" is an emerging area of nutrition research that focuses on understanding metabolic variability within and between individuals and helps develop customized dietary plans and interventions to maintain optimal individual health. It encompasses nutritional genomic (gene-nutrient interactions), epigenetic, microbiome, and environmental factors. Obesity is a complex disease that is affected by genetic and environmental factors and thus a relevant target of precision nutrition-based approaches.