The Perfect Burrow, but for What? Identifying Local Habitat Conditions Promoting the Presence of the Host and Vector Species in the Kazakh Plague System.

Introduction: The wildlife plague system in the Pre-Balkhash desert of Kazakhstan has been a subject of study for many years. Much progress has been made in generating a method of predicting outbreaks of the disease (infection by the gram negative bacterium Yersinia pestis) but existing methods are not yet accurate enough to inform public health planning. The present study aimed to identify characteristics of individual mammalian host (Rhombomys opimus) burrows related to and potentially predictive of the presence of R.

DIAGNOSTIC POSSIBILITIES OF HYDROCOLONIC ECHOGRAPHY AT CHRONIC CONSTIPATION IN CHILDREN.

Unlabelled: On the basis of 15 years' of experience the criteria of assessment of the colon was developed when performing hydrocolonic echography (HCE) and the possibilities of HCE are evaluated at chronic constipations (CC) in children. A retrospective cross research of results of HCE in 263 children with CC aged from 14 days to 17 years was conducted. HCE allowed to evaluate the position of the colon in the abdominal cavity, gave information on lengthening and lumen of the colon, structure of the intestinal wall, haustra, peculiarities of the functioning of the colon in real time.

AAV-based RNAi silencing of NADPH oxidase gp91(phox) attenuates cold-induced cardiovascular dysfunction.

Clinical observations and epidemiological surveys indicated that the prevalence of hypertension and heart diseases is increased in cold regions or during winter. Cold exposure increased NADPH oxidase gp91(phox) protein expression in heart, kidneys, and aorta in rats. The aim of this study was to investigate if RNA interference (RNAi) silencing of gp91(phox) would attenuate cold-induced hypertension and cardiovascular and renal damage.

[Microbial processes of carbon and sulfur cycles in lake Mogil'noe].

In the beginning of summer 1999, complex microbiological and biogeochemical investigations of meromictic Lake Mogil'noe (Kil'din Island, Barents Sea) were carried out. The analysis of the results shows clearly pronounced vertical zonality of the microbial processes occurring in the water column of the lake. To a depth of 8 m, the total number and activity of microorganisms was limited by the relatively low content of organic matter (OM).