[Complications of retrograde intrarenal sugery in patients with low pole kidney stones].

A lot of patients with nephrolithiasis have calculi at low pole calyces. One of the best and safety operative options of such category is retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS). RIRS is wide spread in current clinical practice.

The hypothalamus and its role in hypertension.

For the majority of hypertensive patients, the etiology of their disease is unknown. The hypothalamus is a central structure of the brain which provides an adaptive, integrative, autonomic, and neuroendocrine response to any fluctuations in physiological conditions of the external or internal environment. Hypothalamic insufficiency leads to severe metabolic and functional disorders, including persistent increase in blood pressure.

Contaminants, mutagenicity and toxicity in the surface waters of Kyiv, Ukraine.

Kyiv is Ukraine's capital and largest city. Home to 3 million people, this area has a rich history of agriculture and industry. The Dnieper River is Ukraine's largest river and it passes through the center of Kyiv.