"I Wasted 3 Years, Thinking It's Not a Problem": Patient and Health System Delays in Diagnosis of Leprosy in India: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Background: Worldwide, leprosy is one of the major causes of preventable disability. India contributes to 60% of global leprosy burden. With increasing numbers of leprosy with grade 2 disability (visible disability) at diagnosis, we aimed to determine risk factors associated with grade 2 disability among new cases and explore patients and providers' perspectives into reasons for late presentation.

Comparison between perioperative treatment with calcium and with calcium and vitamin d in prevention of post thyroidectomy hypocalcemia.

Even though thyroid surgery is quite safe, mechanical damage, devascularization or inadvertent removal of the parathyroid glands are possible. Though postoperative mortality is extremely low, post thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is one of the most common and potentially life-threatening complication following thyroid surgery. The clinical manifestation varies from minimal twitching to life threatening tetany and can prolong the hospital stay.

Primary extra-cranial meningioma in the right submandibular region of an 18-year-old woman: a case report.

Introduction: Extra-cranial meningioma or ectopic meningioma is a rare tumor. This tumor has been reported in various anatomic sites in the head and neck, mediastinum, skin and soft tissues. We report a rare case of ectopic meningioma in the submandibular region detected by using fine-needle aspiration cytology, histopathology and immunohistochemistry.

Fourth-ventricular immature teratoma.

Teratomas account for 3% of all childhood tumors. This group of non-germinomatous germ cell tumors exhibit cellular and structural characteristics associated with the three germ layers. The immature cells can differentiate into more malignant neoplasms.