The 2010 expansion of activity-based hospital payment in Israel: an evaluation of effects at the ward level.

Background: In 2010, Israel intensified its adoption of Procedure-Related Group (PRG) based hospital payments, a local version of DRG (Diagnosis-related group). PRGs were created for certain procedures by clinical fields such as urology, orthopedics, and ophthalmology. Non-procedural hospitalizations and other specific procedures continued to be paid for as per-diems (PD).

Survey of family doctors' attitudes towards statin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims: Clinical guidelines advocate that cardiovascular benefits of statin treatment overweigh the risk of impairment of glucose metabolism. The aim of the study was to examine the attitudes of family doctors towards statin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: We disseminated a questionnaire examining doctors' attitudes to existing clinical guidelines and the factors leading to a doctor's decision to prescribe statins to diabetic patients.

Why and how did Israel adopt activity-based hospital payment? The Procedure-Related Group incremental reform.

Historically, Israel paid its non-profit hospitals on a perdiem (PD) basis. Recently, like other OECD countries, Israel has moved to activity-based payments. While most countries have adopted a diagnostic related group (DRG) payment system, Israel has chosen a Procedure-Related Group (PRG) system.

Two-generation reproductive study in mink fed diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP).

Two generations of "Ranch Wild" mink (Mustela vison) were fed the organophosphate diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP) at 0, 150, 450, or 1250ppm, to determine potential toxicity to the dams. Chemical, hematologic, necropsy, and microscopic examinations were performed on all parental animals and representative kits. The F0 and F1 dams had 3.

The comparative metabolism of diisopropyl methylphosphonate in mink and rats.

This study reports the metabolism of carbon-14labeled diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP) in mink and rats, undertaken to better understand the dose-related mortality reported for mink in a previous study. In both male and female mink and rats, DIMP was rapidly absorbed after oral administration; it was metabolized by a saturable pathway to a single metabolite, isopropyl methylphosphonate (IMPA), which was rapidly excreted, primarily in the urine (90%). Fecal radioactivity, also identified as IMPA, was 1.