Simplified Method for -Mediated Genetic Transformation of x K. Koch.

The rapid advancement of genetic technologies has made it possible to modify various plants through both genetic transformation and gene editing techniques. Poplar, with its rapid growth and regeneration enabling high rates of micropropagation, has emerged as a model system for the genetic transformation of woody plants. In this study, K.

Changes of cellular stress response related and transcript and Hsp70 protein levels in Siberian freshwater amphipods upon exposure to cadmium chloride in the lethal concentration range.

The induction of cellular stress response systems, heat shock protein /Hsp70 and multixenobiotic transporter , by cadmium chloride (CdCl) was explored in amphipod species with different stress adaptation strategies from the Lake Baikal area. Based on the lethal concentrations (LC) of CdCl, the sensitivities of the different species to CdCl were ranked (24 hr LC50 in mg/L CdCl (mean/95% confidence interval)): (1.7/1.

Use of a combined effect model approach for discriminating between ABCB1- and ABCC1-type efflux activities in native bivalve gill tissue.

Aquatic organisms, such as bivalves, employ ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters for efflux of potentially toxic chemicals. Anthropogenic water contaminants can, as chemosensitizers, disrupt efflux transporter function enabling other, putatively toxic compounds to enter the organism. Applying rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR we identified complete cDNAs encoding ABCB1- and ABCC1-type transporter homologs from zebra mussel providing the molecular basis for expression of both transporter types in zebra mussel gills.

Identification of a putatively multixenobiotic resistance related Abcb1 transporter in amphipod species endemic to the highly pristine Lake Baikal.

The fauna of Lake Baikal in Eastern Siberia, the largest freshwater body on Earth, is characterized by high degrees of biodiversity and endemism. Amphipods, a prominent taxon within the indigenous fauna, occur in an exceptionally high number of endemic species. Considering the specific water chemistry of Lake Baikal with extremely low levels of potentially toxic natural organic compounds, it seems conceivable that certain adaptions to adverse environmental factors are missing in endemic species, such as cellular defense mechanisms mitigating toxic effects of chemicals.