Therapeutic potential of 5-aminolevulinic acid in metabolic disorders: Current insights and future directions.

5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an essential compound in the biosynthesis of heme, playing a critical role in various physiological processes within the human body. This review provides the thorough analysis of the latest research on the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic benefits of 5-ALA in managing metabolic disorders. The ability of 5-ALA to influence immune response and inflammation, oxidative/nitrosative stress, antioxidant system, mitochondrial functions, as well as carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, is mediated by molecular mechanisms associated with the suppression of the transcription factor NF-κB signaling pathway, activation of the transcription factor Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) system leading to the formation of heme-derived reaction products (carbon monoxide, ferrous iron, biliverdin, and bilirubin), which may contribute to HO-1-dependent cytoprotection through antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects.

Extracts from Four Species of Xylotrophic Basidiomycetes Growing in the Middle Urals (Russia) Revealed Cytotoxic Effects on Model Object Drosophila melanogaster.

In our study, four species of wood-decaying fungi with perennial fruiting bodies were used as the source of biologically active compounds (BACs) - Inonotus obliquus (chaga), Fomitopsis pinicola, Fomes fomentarius, and Ganoderma applanatum. Fungi have a wide range of secondary metabolites but are used much less frequently than plants in both folk and official medicine. Fungotherapy could be considered a promising trend in the development of modern natural therapy.

Core-Shell Chitosan Particles Targeting Membrane-Bound Heat Shock Protein 70 for Cancer Therapy.

Anti-cancer targeted therapy is a promising approach. However, the identification of target molecules over-expressed in a wide range of tumors remains a significant challenge. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of cell membrane-exposed heat shock protein 70 kDa (mHSP70) on different tumor cells and to develop a nanoscale delivery system based on a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that recognizes mHSP70 and uses chitosan core-shell nanoparticles (NPs).

Effects of Chitosan and -Succinyl Chitosan on Metabolic Disorders Caused by Oral Administration of Olanzapine in Mice.

Background: The issue of human mental health is gaining more and more attention nowadays. However, most mental disorders are treated with antipsychotic drugs that cause weight gain and metabolic disorders, which include olanzapine (OLZ). The search for and development of natural compounds for the prevention of obesity when taking antipsychotic drugs is an urgent task.

Influence of pallet rich plasma, quercetin and their combination on activity of nitric oxide cycle enzymes in nasal mucosa of patients with atrophic rhinitis.

Objective: Aim: To study the general activity of NO synthases (gNOS), the activity of inducible and constitutive isoforms of NO synthase, the activity of arginases, and the concentration of nitrites in the nasal mucosa under the conditions of local treatment of chronic atrophic rhinitis (AR) with quercetin and platelet-rich plasma (PRP therapy)..

Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 118 patients divided into two groups: control (n=20) and experimental (patients with AR, n=98).