[Respiratory mechanics in patients with stage III pulmonary sarcoidosis and idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis: similarities and differences].

Impaired function of the lung was studied in 28 patients with Stage 111 pulmonary sarcoidosis and 17 patients with idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis (IFA). The study involved spirography, body plethysmography, and esophageal probing of respiratory mechanics. In patients with Stage III pulmonary sarcoidosis, the mechanics of respiration has the following similarities: restrictive ventilation disorder is revealed in IFA; the functional syndrome with a predominance of restriction is also detectable in some patients with Stage III sarcoidosis; significant differences are found in patients with IFA and Stage III pulmonary sarcoidosis: there is no marked impaired patency of peripheral bronchi in IFA; and all the functional changes found suggest that there is an increase in lung tissue rigidity and a decrease in the capacity of the lung to straighten; in Stage III sarcoidosis, of great importance is a marked impairment of patency of peripherally located bronchi, which is associated with the increase of this or that degree of lung compliance and in the retraction index.

[Functional studies in the prediction of postoperative complications in the presence of lung diseases].

Data on the functional status of the cardiorespiratory system are required to identify patients at risk for postoperative complication in the presence of lung diseases. Very many factors influence the course of an operation and the postoperative period so there is no golden standard or the only parameter for predicting how the postoperative period runs. Patients with normal spirographic values (FEV1, more than 80%??) and without cardiovascular comorbidity are at a slight risk for postoperative complications.

[Changes in respiratory mechanics in post-tuberculosis emphysema and pneumosclerosis].

The mechanics of breathing was studied in 457 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The restrictive mechanism of lowering the ventilation reserves was essential in sclerotic changes in the lower lung. Obstructive changes increased with the extent of pneumosclerosis.

[Obstructive ventilatory disorders in pulmonary tuberculosis].

The results of the clinico-roentgenologic and functional examination of 434 patients with different forms of pulmonary tuberculosis were subjected to analysis. The obstructive syndrome of ventilation disorders was detected in more than 60% of pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The prevalent significance in its pathogenesis was played by disorders of patency of fine bronchi and air distribution in the lungs.

[Status of the bronchi in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and different haptoglobin phenotype].

External respiration function test and bronchologic examination were conducted in 206 pulmonary tuberculosis patients with different haptoglobin (Hp) phenotypes. It was found that obstructive changes in peripheral portions of the bronchial tree were most common and marked among the revealed disorders of pulmonary ventilation function. These changes promote a decrease in the ventilation reserve to a great extent.