Comparative histopathology of the lymph nodes, spleen, liver and kidney in experimental ovine trypanosomosis.

The infection of Yankassa rams with three important trypanosome species affecting livestock, namely, Trypanosoma congolense, T. vivax and T. bruceiproduced both acute and chronic fatal conditions.

Immunodiagnosis of bovine trypanosomiasis in Anambra and Imo states, Nigeria, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: zoonotic implications to human health.

Background & Objectives: The prevalence of trypanosomiasis was studied in cattle, being a major source of animal protein in Nigeria, thus, a very likely means of spread of Human African Trypanosomosis (HAT).

Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to diagnose bovine trypanosomiasis in 264 samples collected from adult cattle of mixed breeds, age and sex, in Anambra and Imo states, Nigeria.

Results: Out of 264 samples analysed, 21 (7.

Differential expression of surface membrane antigens on bovine monocytes activated with recombinant cytokines and during Trypanosoma congolense infection.

The expression of surface membrane antigens on peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) of cattle of the Boran and N'Dama breeds activated with recombinant cytokines (TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma) and during experimental infection with Trypanosoma congolense was investigated using monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) and fluorescein-activated cell sorter (FACS). The surface antigens investigated were C3bi receptor, major histocompartibility (MHC) II complex (Ia antigen) and two monocyte/macrophage (Mphi) differentiation antigens. The study revealed that both cytokines caused the enhancement of the expression of all the PBM surface antigens studied.

In vitro erythrophagocytosis by cultured macrophages stimulated with extraneous substances and those isolated from the blood, spleen and bone marrow of Boran and N'Dama cattle infected with Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax.

A standard radioactive chromium (51Cr) release assay was used to assess the in vitro phagocytosis and lysis of bovine erythrocytes by cultured splenic, bone marrow and peripheral blood monocyte-derived (PBM) macrophages isolated from healthy and Trypanosoma congolense and T. vivax-infected cattle of the Boran and N'Dama breeds. Recombinant cytokines (rHuTNF-alpha and rBolFN-gamma) and non-acid-dialysed peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMNC) culture supernatants stimulated these PBM for enhanced activities.

Leucocyte and thrombocyte responses in dogs experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei.

Three dogs were subcutaneously infected with Trypanosoma brucei strain ILRAD 1797. Artificial haemolytic anaemia was induced in 2 other dogs by phlebotomy, heat treatment and re-infusion of the blood, while 2 dogs were kept as control animals. The infected animals developed pan-leucopenia and thrombocytopenia, while the dogs with artificial haemolytic anaemia developed leucocytosis and thrombocytosis.