Genome-wide association study and scan for signatures of selection point to candidate genes for body temperature maintenance under the cold stress in Siberian cattle populations.

Background: Design of new highly productive livestock breeds, well-adapted to local climatic conditions is one of the aims of modern agriculture and breeding. The genetics underlying economically important traits in cattle are widely studied, whereas our knowledge of the genetic mechanisms of adaptation to local environments is still scarce. To address this issue for cold climates we used an integrated approach for detecting genomic intervals related to body temperature maintenance under acute cold stress.

Scans for signatures of selection in Russian cattle breed genomes reveal new candidate genes for environmental adaptation and acclimation.

Domestication and selective breeding has resulted in over 1000 extant cattle breeds. Many of these breeds do not excel in important traits but are adapted to local environments. These adaptations are a valuable source of genetic material for efforts to improve commercial breeds.

Genome-wide genotyping uncovers genetic profiles and history of the Russian cattle breeds.

One of the most economically important areas within the Russian agricultural sector is dairy and beef cattle farming contributing about $11 billion to the Russian economy annually. Trade connections, selection and breeding have resulted in the establishment of a number of breeds that are presumably adapted to local climatic conditions. Little however is known about the ancestry and history of Russian native cattle.

[FEATURES OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF MINERS, WHO ARE VICTIMS OF METHANE-COAL MIXTURE EXPLOSION].

The article studied an influence of operative treatment on miners in the stage of burn shock, complicated by multi- and combined trauma and how these treatment options have changed the lethality and burn complications rates. All data based on an analysis of retrospective research. A primary surgical treatment of burn wounds was performed using simultaneous grafting by temporary biological cover for superficial burns during the burn shock stage in the main group of patients.

[Laser Doppler flowmetry in burn treatment].

It is offered to use laser Doppler fluometry indices at the acute stage of burn disease for diagnostics of lesion depth, as a criterion for degree of shock severity and its ending, for evaluation of the surgical treatment influence on clinical course of burn disease, and also at different stages of wound closing with complex temporary pedicle flap. Methods and criterions of microcirculation study during the period of burn shock, and also in burn re-convalescents are defined for evaluation of conservative treatment efficacy and state of microcirculation in forming scars. Application of laser Doppler fluometry contributes to reduction of surgical operations number, duration of stay in the hospital, improvement of aesthetic treatment results.