[New aspects of using adrenomimetics in the diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma].

It is suggested to use alpha-stimulating effect of naphthyzine and halazoline for pharmacological spirometric testing in evaluating the inflammatory-edematous component of bronchial obstruction. These anti-edema agents combined with standard bronchospasmolytics (beta 2-agonists and cholinolytics) proved effective in arresting episodes of asphyxia. Optimal doses of naphthyzine and halazoline, related side effects have been clarified in case of their addition to selective beta 2-agonists, cholinolytics and combinations thereof.

Expectoration disturbances and bronchial obstruction.

Unlabelled: Two methods for the efficacy evaluation of the respiratory tract clearance by cough, measuring the time of expectoration (Texp) of sputum mixed with hem-containing indicators after their inhalation were used in patients with bronchial obstruction. In the first method, the patients studied inhaled their own hemoglobin (Hb) and in the second one they inhaled a finely pulverized powder of hem-containing substances which were obtained from donor erythrocyte mass. 195 subjects were examined: 44 with intrinsic bronchial asthma (BA), 71 with obstructive bronchitis (OB) and 22 with purulent obstructive bronchitis (POB).

[Pathogenetic variants of the obstructive syndrome in patients with bronchial asthma].

The study is made of the causes underlying a variety of obstruction syndrome presentation in bronchial asthma sufferers. Heterogenic pathogenesis of the disease is related to predominance of one of the three obstruction components: bronchospasm, inflammatory edema of the mucosa and sputum obturation of the airways as a result of defective expectoration. To quantify the components objectively, a special program of the patients' examination has been devised involving: 1) analysis of clinical symptoms, 2) pharmacological testing with selective and nonselective sympathomimetic agents and cholinolytics, 3) registration of the duration of the bronchial sputum evacuation (time of expectoration).

[Expectoration disorders in patients with chronic obstructive lung diseases].

The paper is concerned with an analysis of the original data and the conception regarding the pathogenesis of expectoration alterations and correction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). Expectoration defects in COPD are suggested to be classified according to duration of respiratory tract clearing from sputum. The disorders of the first and second degree amenable to correction by oral and inhalation expectorants are referred to compensation stage, those of the third degree resistant to the correction to decompensation stage.

[Diagnosis of mucociliary insufficiency].

The data on the diagnosis of mucociliary insufficiency (MCI) are reviewed for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. MCI is characterized as the condition of more rapid accumulation of bronchial secretion in comparison to its evacuation, the residual secretion being the cause of the onset of the obturation syndrome. It is suggested that MCI detection be determined by expectoration time--the time of bronchial secretion evacuation following inhalation of the indicator substance.