[Genetic diversity and relationships of northern eurasia populations for polymorphic Alu-insertions].

We for the first time have examined the autosomal gene pool of the Siberia, Central Asian and the Far East populations (27 populations of 12 ethnic groups) using a set of polymorphic Alu insertions in the human genome. The results of the analysis testify (i) to a significant level of genetic diversity in the Northern Eurasian populations and (ii) to a considerable differentiation of gene pool in the population of this region. It has been shown that at the CD4 locus, the frequency of Alu (-) is inversely related to the Mongoloid component of the population, the lowest and highest frequencies of the Alu deletion at locus CD4 were recorded respectively in Eskimo (0.

[Genetic diversity of Khakassian gene pool: subethnic differensiation and the structure of Y-chromosome haplogroups,].

The structure of Khakass gene pool has been investigated: compositions and frequencies of Y-chromosome haplogroups were described in seven population samples of two basic subethnic groups--Sagays and Kachins from three territorially distanced regions of Khakassia Republic. Eight haplogroups: C3, E, N*, N1b, N1c, R1a1a and R1b1b1 have been determined in Khakass gene pool. Significant differences between Sagays and Kachins were shown in haplogroup spectra and a level of genetic diversity in haplogroups and YSTR-haplotypes.

[Skewed X-chromosome inactivation in human embryos with mosaic trisomy 16].

The sex ratio and X-chromosome inactivation were analyzed in placental tissues of human spontaneous abortuses with pure and mosaic forms of chromosome 16 trisomy. The sex ratio value was found to decrease with an increase in the share of cells with the trisomic karyotype, which suggests differential survival of embryos belonging to different sexes. The pattern of X-chromosome inactivation in cells of extraembryonic mesoderm in the control group of embryos and in spontaneous abortuses with the level of trisomy 16 below 80% corresponded to random X-inactivation, whereas in most embryos with a frequency of trisomy 16 exceeding 80% skewed inactivation was observed.

Characteristics of Populations of the Russian Federation over the Panel of Fifteen Loci Used for DNA Identification and in Forensic Medical Examination.

Seventeen population groups within the Russian Federation were characterized for the first time using a panel of 15 genetic markers that are used for DNA identification and in forensic medical examinations. The degree of polymorphism and population diversity of microsatellite loci within the Power Plex system (Promega) in Russian populations; the distribution of alleles and genotypes within the populations of six cities and 11 ethnic groups of the Russian Federation; the levels of intra- and interpopulation genetic differentiation of population; genetic relations between populations; and the identification and forensic medical characteristics of the system of markers under study were determined. Significant differences were revealed between the Russian populations and the U.

[Genetic diversity of X-chromosome in populations of aboriginal Siberian ethnic groups: linkage disequilibrium structure and haplotype philogeography of ZFX locus].

The structure of gene pool of the Siberian aboriginal population has been described based on the data on polymorphism of ZFX gene located on X-chromosome. In ten populations under study 49 haplotypes have been determined, three of which are presented with high frequency. Comparing the obtained results with the available data from HapMap project unique "African" haplotypes were revealed, which occurred in Yoruba population with the frequency of 3-7% and were not found in other populations.