Treatable traits in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: focus on respiratory tract infections-a systematic review and a meta-analysis.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, deadly lung disease with several factors, including respiratory tract infections (RTI), for disease worsening. There's no comprehensive data on RTI incidence in IPF patients across different therapies, including antifibrotic (nintedanib or pirfenidone), investigative or placebo treatments.

Methods: A systematic search of databases Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, Web of Science and Scopus was conducted on September 30th 2024 (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023484213).

Right ventricular stroke work index in pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: A retrospective observational study.

The right ventricular stroke work index (RVSWI) reflects the active work of the right ventricle (RV), but its clinical usefulness is not yet fully known in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We aimed to evaluate the correlation of RVSWI to clinical parameters, the presence of comorbidities and response to therapy. We performed a retrospective observational study of 54 patients (PAH:  = 30, CTEPH:  = 24) and control patients ( = 11), and collected clinical data including RVSWI and comorbidities at baseline.

How measurement noise limits the accuracy of brain-behaviour predictions.

Major efforts in human neuroimaging strive to understand individual differences and find biomarkers for clinical applications by predicting behavioural phenotypes from brain imaging data. To identify generalisable and replicable brain-behaviour prediction models, sufficient measurement reliability is essential. However, the selection of prediction targets is predominantly guided by scientific interest or data availability rather than psychometric considerations.

Advanced aspects of acetogens.

Acetogens are a diverse group of anaerobic bacteria that are capable of carbon dioxide fixation and have for long fascinated scientists due to their unique metabolic prowess. Historically, acetogens have been recognized for their remarkable ability to grow and to produce acetate from different one-carbon sources, including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formate, methanol, and methylated organic compounds. The key metabolic pathway in acetogens responsible for converting these one-carbon sources is ́the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway.