Induction of tumor-specific CTL responses using the C-terminal fragment of Viral protein R as cell penetrating peptide.

The discovery of tumor-associated antigens recognized by T lymphocytes opens the possibility of vaccinating cancer patients with defined antigens. However, one of the major limitation of peptide-based vaccines is the low immunogenicity of antigenic peptides. Interestingly, if these epitopes are directly delivered into the cytoplasm of antigen presenting cells, they can be efficiently presented via the direct MHC class I presentation pathway.

Humoral and cellular capsid-specific immune responses to adeno-associated virus type 1 in randomized healthy donors.

A major impediment to the use of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene delivery to muscle in clinical applications is the pre-existing immune responses against the vector. Pre-existing humoral response to different AAV serotypes is now well documented. In contrast, cellular responses to AAV capsid have not been analyzed in a systematic manner, despite the risk of T cell reactivation upon gene transfer.

A 10 patient case report on the impact of plasmapheresis upon neutralizing factors against adeno-associated virus (AAV) types 1, 2, 6, and 8.

Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are small, nonenveloped single-stranded DNA viruses which require helper viruses to facilitate efficient replication. These recombinant viruses are some of the most promising candidates for therapeutic gene transfer to treat many genetic and acquired diseases. Nevertheless, the presence of humoral responses to the wild-type AAV common among humans is one of the limitations of in vivo transduction efficacy in humans using cognate recombinant vector.

Prevalence of serum IgG and neutralizing factors against adeno-associated virus (AAV) types 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, and 9 in the healthy population: implications for gene therapy using AAV vectors.

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are small, nonenveloped single-stranded DNA viruses that require helper viruses to facilitate efficient replication. Despite the presence of humoral responses to the wild-type AAV in humans, AAV remains one of the most promising candidates for therapeutic gene transfer to treat many genetic and acquired diseases. Characterization of the IgG subclass responses to AAV and study of the prevalence of both IgG and neutralizing factors to AAV types 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, and 9 in the human population are of importance for the development of new strategies to overcome these immune responses.

Simple conditioning with monospecific CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells for bone marrow engraftment and tolerance to multiple gene products.

A major impediment to gene replacement therapy is immune elimination of genetically modified cells. In principle, this can be dealt with by inducing a strong, specific, and enduring tolerance through engraftment of transgene-modified autologous bone marrow (BM). Because usual myeloablation and/or immunosuppression are risk factors in most pathologies, we assessed the potential of monospecific CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) to engraft minor-mismatched BM without preconditioning.