Nonabstinence among US Adults in Recovery from an Alcohol or Other Drug Problem.

Objectives: Most US treatment and recovery services are abstinence-based. However, many people in recovery from an alcohol or other drug (AOD) use problem do not abstain completely. This study estimated the prevalence of and characteristics associated with nonabstinence among US adults in recovery.

Adolescents' Use of Medications for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Subsequent Risk of Nonmedical Stimulant Use.

Purpose: This national prospective multicohort study examined the relationship between US adolescents' use of stimulant therapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subsequent risk of nonmedical stimulant use (i.e., nonmedical use of prescription stimulants and cocaine use) during young adulthood, relative to nonstimulant therapy and population controls.

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Stimulant Therapy and Prescription Drug Misuse During Transition to Young Adulthood.

Objective: Limited prospective data exist about the impact of stimulant therapy for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during adolescence on the risk for later prescription drug misuse (PDM; i.e., of benzodiazepines, opioids, and stimulants).

Cocaine or Methamphetamine Use During Young Adulthood Following Stimulant Use for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder During Adolescence.

Importance: The prescribing of stimulant medications for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has increased in the US. Prescription stimulants are one of the most commonly misused controlled substances during adolescence. Despite a 10-fold increase in stimulant-related overdose deaths in the past decade, the transitions from prescription stimulants to illicit stimulants (eg, cocaine, methamphetamine) remain relatively unknown in longitudinal population-based studies.