Formulation, optimization and validation of floating oral gel of Ivabradine hydrochloride.

Ivabradine hydrochloride is a hyperpolarized activated channel blocker used for symptomatic treatment of chronic angina pectoris. However, due to its short half-life it is rapidly eliminated from systemic circulation. Floating gel was formulated using sodium alginate and HPMC K 100 M by pH induced ion gelation technique employing 3 factorial design for optimization and evaluated.

Screw versus plate fixation of proximal first metatarsal crescentic osteotomy.

Background: Hallux valgus associated with metatarus primus varus is a deformity that disrupts normal foot function. Standard treatment has often included distal or proximal metatarsal osteotomy with or without a distal soft tissue procedure. The intrinsically unstable proximal crescentic osteotomy relies on operative fixation for stability.

Augmented lateral ankle reconstruction using a free gracilis graft.

This article describes a surgical technique for reconstruction of the unstable ankle that uses a modification of the Elmslie procedure for anatomic augmentation of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL). Our technique is an anatomic reconstruction that uses a free graft of the gracilis tendon toreconstruct the CFL and A TFL.

Suppression of B cell activation by cyclosporin A, FK506 and rapamycin.

The effects of the immunosuppressants cyclosporin A (CsA), FK506 and rapamycin have been compared using murine B cells activated with a variety of mitogens. FK506 is a macrolide antibiotic that has been recently shown to inhibit T cell activation by a mechanism that appears similar to that of CsA. Rapamycin is a macrolide structurally related to FK506 whose mechanism of T cell suppression appears to be distinct from that of FK506 and CsA.