NLP-Driven Analysis of Pneumothorax Incidence Following Central Venous Catheter Procedures: A Data-Driven Re-Evaluation of Routine Imaging in Value-Based Medicine.

: This study presents a systematic approach using a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm to assess the necessity of routine imaging after central venous catheter (CVC) placement and removal. With pneumothorax being a key complication of CVC procedures, this research aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for optimizing imaging protocols and minimizing unnecessary imaging risks. We analyzed electronic health records from four university hospitals in Salzburg, Austria, focusing on X-rays performed between 2012 and 2021 following CVC procedures.

Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Sputum Eosinophils Are Complementary Tools for Diagnosing Occupational Asthma.

Background: Exposure-related changes in exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and sputum eosinophils have not been thoroughly compared in the investigation of occupational asthma.

Objective: This study aimed at comparing the accuracies of the changes in FeNO concentrations and sputum eosinophil counts in identifying asthmatic reactions induced by occupational agents during specific inhalation challenges (SICs).

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included 321 subjects who completed an assessment of FeNO and sputum eosinophils before and 24 h after SICs with various occupational agents, of whom 156 showed a positive result.

Intersectional stigma among Latino MSM and HIV prevention: barriers to HIV prevention and strategies to overcome the barriers.

Latino men, especially Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM), experience disparities in HIV prevention. Lack of attention to key barriers to care, such as stigma, result in inequitable access to HIV prevention and care for LMSM. This paper describes how intersectional stigma and related factors act as barriers to HIV prevention among Latino men and proposes strategies to overcome these barriers.

Phenotypic Evaluation of Rare Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Mutation Combinations in People with Cystic Fibrosis in Queensland, Australia.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disorder caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. We describe the distribution of CFTR mutation profiles in sub-tropical Queensland, Australia, and characterise the phenotypes associated with 'rare' CFTR mutation combinations. We conducted a retrospective observational study to analyse the CFTR mutation profiles of 322 people with CF (pwCF) under the care of a large adult CF centre in Queensland, Australia.

Clomiphene citrate medication for infertility and risk of stillbirth or neonatal death: a population-based cohort study.

Context: Women achieving pregnancy with infertility treatment may be at increased risk of stillbirth and neonatal death.

Objective: To assess associations between clomiphene citrate (CC) use and perinatal death.

Design: Whole of population data linkage cohort.