The gene regulatory program of reveals conservation of phylum-specific expression.

The evolution of development has been studied through the lens of gene regulation by examining either closely related species or extremely distant animals of different phyla. In nematodes, detailed cell- and stage-specific expression analyses are focused on the model , in part leading to the view that the developmental expression of gene cascades in this species is archetypic for the phylum. Here, we compared two species of an intermediate evolutionary distance: the nematodes (clade V) and (clade IV).

Sulfite Oxidase Activity Is Essential for Normal Sulfur, Nitrogen and Carbon Metabolism in Tomato Leaves.

Plant sulfite oxidase [SO; E.C.1.

Postburn neck anterior contracture treatment in children with scar-fascial local trapezoid flaps: a new approach.

One of the dramatic consequences of burns is scar contracture and deformities of the neck. Cervical contracture in children is especially dangerous, leading to face disfigurement and kyphosis; therefore, early reconstruction is indicated. Despite the existence of many various surgical techniques, the successful neck contracture treatment in pediatric patients remains a challenge for surgeons.

Postburn Neck Lateral Contracture Anatomy and Treatment: A New Approach.

Lateral contracture of the neck is a rare and insufficiently researched burn consequent. Contracture restricts head motion, can cause a secondary face deformity, presents severe cosmetic defects, and, therefore, requires surgical reconstruction. Literature does not sufficiently address the issue; therefore, anatomy not researched and treatment techniques not developed.

Total cheek resurfacing with split ascending neck flap: a new approach.

Background: Burn scars and other forms of extensive cheek deformities are a tragedy for patients and pose a great challenge to surgeons due to limited availability of well-matching donor sites. The skin of distant regions and skin transplants contrasts with the facial skin. The most suitable site for tissue in cheek reconstruction is the neck, but this resource is limited.