[A complex of skull base and cervical spine anomalies and Chiari type I malformation].

To study a relationship between the skull base and cervical spine anomalies and Chiari type I malformation (CMI), 364 patients with CMI were examined using craniography and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord. To reveal bone anomalies and CMI, morphometric data analysis was performed. The control group consisted of 120 patients without central nervous system pathology, cranial and cervical spine anomalies.

[Multifactorial nature of Chiari type I malformation].

The aim of the study was to analyze genetic aspects of Chiari type I malformation (CMI) using clinical neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging data on the craniovertebral region in 13,500 outpatients, 364 inpatients with CMI and 91 first-degree relatives of 47 probands with CMI. Higher CMI frequency (3.9%) in the outpatients with neurological signs, and CMI clinical and morphologic polymorphism have been discovered, the women being mostly affected and the men displaying more severe clinical picture of the disease.

[Roentgeno-endoscopic diagnosis of elevated early cancer of the stomach].

The authors analysed 27 patients. It is shown that the X-ray and endoscopic methods possess sufficiently high sensitivity in identifying elevated forms of early carcinoma of the stomach (in 90% and 100%, respectively). Their specificity, however, is low because errors of each method come up to about 50%.

[Differential diagnosis of ulcerated forms of early cancer of the stomach].

An analysis of roentgenological and endoscopic signs of "malignancy" in 107 patients with "ulcerous" forms of early gastric cancer and symptoms in patients of the control group (54 patients) with chronic gastric ulcer was performed by the same specialists. These signs were shown to be not reliable. It was only the biopsy, sometimes repeated, followed by cytological and histological examinations of the material, which managed to make a surely correct preoperative diagnosis in 94.