[Neurotransmission mechanism of movement disorders in multiple sclerosis].

A significant elevation of blood levels of exciting amino acids aspartate and glutamate as well as taurine was found. There was a strong association between the levels of these mediator amino acids and neurological deficit severity, progressive course of the disease and predominant damage of supraspinal and spinal descending motor systems. The data obtained suggest an important role of excitotoxicity in the mechanisms of autoimmune demyelinisation and development of progressive neurodegenerative changes.

[A relationship between clinical and biological disturbances in atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid arteries].

A study of the functional state of cerebral hemodynamics using transcranial dopplerography and blood excitotoxic amino acids, playing an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain damage, has been carried out in 43 patients with atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid arteries. Neurological deficit that developed as a result of ischemic stroke was related to the changes of cerebral hemodynamics (a decrease of hemodynamic reserve and blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery) and an increase of the level of blood amino acids involved in excitotoxic mechanisms of the nerve tissue lesions in brain ischemia. These biochemical disturbances in the non-acute period of ischemic stroke may be explained by the state of chronic excitotoxicity that developed because of blood circulation insufficiency in the brain and a decrease of cerebrovascular reserve.

[Mechanisms of lability of neurological symptoms in multiple sclerosis].

Pathophysiological peculiarities of demyelinated axons determine their high sensitivity to different exogenous factors and are the reason of instability of neurological signs in MS. One of the typical MS sing is high sensitivity to elevated temperature of the body. Even temporary elevation in body temperature may cause changes in impulse conduction in demyelinated fibres, which was proved by studies of evoked potentials and stabilometric studies.