The Relationship between Mitochondrial Genome Mutations in Monocytes and the Development of Obesity and Coronary Heart Disease.

Background: Metabolic disorders, including obesity, are often accompanied by an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Monocytes are the common link between obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The bias of innate cellular immunity towards pro-inflammatory activation stimulates the development of diseases associated with chronic inflammation, in particular metabolic disorders, including obesity, as well as CVDs.

Novel Models of Crohn's Disease Pathogenesis Associated with the Occurrence of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Intestinal Cells.

Crohn's disease remains one of the challenging problems of modern medicine, and the development of new and effective and safer treatments against it is a dynamic field of research. To make such developments possible, it is important to understand the pathologic processes underlying the onset and progression of Crohn's disease at the molecular and cellular levels. During the recent years, the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction and associated chronic inflammation in these processes became evident.

Impact of walnut consumption on cardio metabolic and anthropometric parameters in metabolic syndrome patients: GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of data from randomized controlled trials.

Background: In recent years, the effect of walnut consumption on various components of metabolic syndrome (Mets) in different populations has been investigated. However, the findings on the alterations of cardiometabolic and anthropometric indices following walnut consumption in adults with Mets have not been fully conclusive.

Methods: The current study of eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examined the effects of walnut consumption on glucose homeostasis factors (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c)), lipid profile (triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c)), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations and anthropometric indices (body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC)) in trials of 549 participants.

Functional Phenotypes of Intraplaque Macrophages and Their Distinct Roles in Atherosclerosis Development and Atheroinflammation.

Macrophages are the key inflammatory cell type involved in all stages of atherosclerosis development and progression, as demonstrated by numerous studies. Correspondingly, macrophages are currently regarded as a promising therapeutic target for the development of new treatment approaches. The macrophage population is heterogeneous and dynamic, as these cells can switch between a number of distinct functional states with pro- and anti-atherogenic activity in response to various stimuli.