Evaluation of serum vitamin D levels in patients with X syndrome.

Objective: Cardiac X syndrome is defined in patients with normal coronary angiogram who has typical chest pain and objective myocardial ischemia evidence. Recent studies have evaluated the association between vitamin D deficiency (vit D def) and cardiovascular diseases. Our aim of this study was to compare serum vit D levels in patients with syndrome X and controls.

The Association Between α-Antitrypsin and Coronary Artery Ectasia.

Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). The underlying pathophysiology of CAE is not fully understood. α-antitrypsin (A1AT) plays a role in the tissue protease system, and AAT-1 deficiency (A1ATD) has been shown to be related to CAD.