[The role of prenatal diagnosis in reducing the occurrence of birth defects in the pediatric population in the Czech Republic 1992-1997].

The authors present data on the incidence of birth defects in liveborn infants up to the age of one year and the results of prenatal diagnosis of birth defects in the CR in 1997 and a brief comparison with the previous period 1992-1996. In the first part the authors present data on birth defects as whole, in the second part they present a comparison of the incidence of selected types of birth defects in 1997 with mean rates during the period 1961-1990. In the third part the comparison of results of prenatal diagnosis in the CR in 1997 is confronted with the period from 1992-1996.

[The role of prenatal diagnosis on decreased incidence of congenital defects in the pediatric population of the Czech Republic 1990-1996].

The author presents data on the prevalence of birth defects in the Czech Republic during the period from 1990-1996. The paper contains also data on results of prenatal diagnosis of birth defects in the Czech Republic during the same period and indicates achievements in secondary prevention of abnormal phenotypes, which contributed in a major way to the reduced incidence of some types of inborn defects in the population.

[Occurrence of congenital hydrocephalus in the Czech Republic 1961-1995].

During the period between 1961-1965 the authors investigated the incidence of congenital hydrocephalus (CH) on the territory of the Czech Republic (CR). From a consecutive series of 5,137,907 births in the CR during 1961-1995 2,288 cases of CH were diagnosed incl. 2,024 cases in born infants and 164 were diagnosed prenatally and the pregnancy was terminated.

[Occurrence of urinary bladder exstrophy in the Czech Republic 1961-1995].

During the period from 1961-1995 the incidence of extrophy of the urinary bladder was investigated on the territory of the Czech Republic. From a consecutive series of 5,137,907 infants born in the Czech Republic in 1961-1995 65 cases of this defect were diagnosed. The mean incidence of extrophy of the urinary bladder in born children during the investigation period was 0.

[Occurrence of diaphragmatic hernia in the Czech Republic 1961-1995].

During 1961-1995 the incidence of diaphragmatic hernia on the territory of the Czech Republic was investigated. From a consecutive series of 5,137,907 births during the period from 1961-1995 in the Czech Republic 1242 cases of diaphragmatic hernia were diagnosed, incl. 1233 in born children; 9 were diagnosed prenatally and the pregnancies were terminated.