Recovery functions of short and long latency reflexes in hand muscles evoked by paired stimulation of peripheral nerves.

Double-shock bifocal peripheral nerves stimulation with varying interstimulus intervals (ISI) from 1 ms to 5000 ms was applied to healthy human subjects. Short (SLRs) and long latency reflexes (LLRs) from the slightly active first interosseus dorsalis muscle were recorded after an electrical conditioning stimulation of the index finger and test stimulation of the median nerve. It was found that with intervals from 1 to 5 ms the size of the SLR and LLRs after the second shock was unstable and almost oscillated around that evoked by a single shock, possibly due to transmitter depletion at these short ISIs.

Analysis of stability of human upright posture based upon the measurement of the head sway.

The paper is dealing with the description of a simple and inexpensive technique for recording and measuring of the head sway during upright stance. In particular the recording system and the evaluation of the body sway data are highlighted. The objectives of the head sway signal analysis are the determination of sway components in the side-to-side (lateral) direction and forward-backward (anteroposterior) direction.

[Computer analysis of muscle reflex responses to electric stimulation of peripheral nerves].

A computer program is described which allows analysis of reflex muscle responses to electric stimulation of peripheral nerves. Basically, the program is derived from an older methodic approach, yet the process of evaluating the obtained means of reflex muscle responses is in this computer assisted procedure simpler and of a higher quality. The proposed improvement of the original methodic approach provides an important advantage for clinical practice in significantly speeding up the investigation and evaluation of reflex muscle responses on using financially accessible computer technique of Czechoslovak make.

[The role of short and long latency reflexes in the small muscles of the hand in the diagnosis of movement disorders--an electrophysiology study].

EMG changes of short (SLR) and long latency reflex (LLR) responses to electric stimulation of digital nerves of the index finger were recorded from the interosseous dorsal muscle I during its slight isometric contraction. Abnormalities of SLR and LLR were found at least on one hand in 9 of 11 patients with nosologically different dysfunctions of the nervous system. SLR latency can yield information on lesions of the peripheral motoneuron.

[Methodologic problems in short and long latency muscle reflex responses in man].

The procedure used in the study of short and long latency reflex muscle responses is described in detail. The author defines the basis of the method of summation and averaging of rectified muscle activity based on the principle of the time dependence of electrophysiological manifestations of muscles induced by a repeated electric stimulus. The effect of the parameters chosen for processing the EMG signal (filtration, amplification, rectification) on the resulting pattern of the averaged reflex muscle responses is highlighted.