Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Hemodialysis: An Opportunistic Pathogen or a Malevolent Foe.

Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) add to the morbidity and mortality of hemodialysis patients. is an extremely resistant, gram-negative, non-lactose-fermenting nosocomial bacterium that contributes significantly to mortality and morbidity. This bacterium is predominantly associated with community-acquired pneumonia, bacteremia, eye afflictions, biliary sepsis, urinary tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection, and very rarely chronic enteritis with colonic ulcers.

Iodine-mediated synthesis of benzo[]fluorenones from yne-enones.

The chalcones derived from -alkynylacetophenones and aromatic aldehydes (yne-enones) when heated under reflux with iodine in acetic acid gave a range of benzo[]fluorenone derivatives in moderate to good yields. The transformation involves the formation of a vinyl indenone intermediate through regioselective alkyne hydration and intramolecular aldol condensation followed by electrocyclic ring closure and aromatization.

SnCl-Promoted [3+2] Annulation of γ-Butyrolactone-Fused Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes with Nitriles: Access to γ-Butyrolactone-Fused 1-Pyrrolines.

The [3+2] annulation of γ-butyrolactone-fused donor-acceptor cyclopropanes with nitriles has been explored for the access of γ-butyrolactone-fused 1-pyrrolines. The annulation was promoted by tin(IV) chloride, and the products were obtained as single diastereomers in moderate to good yields. The products were synthetically important, and a couple of them were subjected to tandem reductive ring opening/cyclization to give the respective γ-butyrolactone-fused γ-butyrolactams in good yields.

Nucleophilic ring-opening reactions of trans-2-aroyl-3-aryl-cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylates with hydrazines.

trans-2-Aroyl-3-aryl-cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylates when treated with arylhydrazines in refluxing EtOH gave dihydropyrazoles, whereas with hydrazines in refluxing AcOH, they formed cyclopropane-fused pyridazinones. Although in both cases the corresponding hydrazones are formed initially, the former case involves a subsequent 5-exo-tet nucleophilic ring-opening, and the later, a 6-exo-trig nucleophilic attack by the other hydrazone nitrogen. The products are obtained in moderate to excellent yields with complete regio-and diastereoselectivity.

Light and electron microscopic observations of fabrication, release, and fate of biphasic secretion granules produced by epididymal epithelial principal cells of the fan-throated lizard Sitana ponticeriana cuvier.

The epididymis of the fan-throated lizard Sitana ponticeriana was examined with light and transmission electron microscopy to understand the cellular mechanisms of fabrication of secretion granules in epithelial principal cells, granule release into the lumen, and the fate of the dense structured granules after reaching the lumen. Principal cells of the ductus epididymis, except at the cauda, secrete electron-dense biphasic granules copiously, which decrease in abundance from the initial segment to corpus. The principal cell possesses a prominent Golgi apparatus and all versions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), rough, smooth, and sparsely granulated.