Hierarchical glycolytic pathways control the carbohydrate utilization regulator in human gut .

Human dietary choices control the gut microbiome. Industrialized populations consume abundant glucose and fructose, resulting in microbe-dependent intestinal disorders. Simple sugars inhibit the carbohydrate utilization regulator (Cur), a transcription factor in the prominent gut bacterial phylum, .

Dietary sugars silence the master regulator of carbohydrate utilization in human gut Bacteroides species.

The mammalian gut microbiota is a critical human health determinant with therapeutic potential for remediation of many diseases. The host diet is a key factor governing the gut microbiota composition by altering nutrient availability and supporting the expansion of distinct microbial populations. Diets rich in simple sugars modify the abundance of microbial subsets, enriching for microbiotas that elicit pathogenic outcomes.

Harnessing gut microbes for glycan detection and quantification.

Glycans facilitate critical biological functions and control the mammalian gut microbiota composition by supplying differentially accessible nutrients to distinct microbial subsets. Therefore, identifying unique glycan substrates that support defined microbial populations could inform therapeutic avenues to treat diseases via modulation of the gut microbiota composition and metabolism. However, examining heterogeneous glycan mixtures for individual microbial substrates is hindered by glycan structural complexity and diversity, which presents substantial challenges to glycomics approaches.

The Angiopoietin-Tie2 axis contributes to placental vascular disruption and adverse birth outcomes in malaria in pregnancy.

Background: Malaria during pregnancy is a major contributor to the global burden of adverse birth outcomes including fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and fetal loss. Recent evidence supports a role for angiogenic dysregulation and perturbations to placental vascular development in the pathobiology of malaria in pregnancy. The Angiopoietin-Tie2 axis is critical for placental vascularization and remodeling.

Innate and adaptive immune dysregulation in critically ill ICU patients.

This study aimed to evaluate whether ICU patients who developed persistent critical illness displayed an immune profile similar to an aged immune phenotype and any associations with patient outcomes. Twenty two critically ill ICU patients (27-76 years, 15 males), at day 5 of mechanical ventilation, and 22 healthy age-matched controls (27-77 years, 13 males) were recruited. Frequency and phenotype of innate and adaptive immune cells and telomere length in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were measured.