Impact of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Coinfection on Clinical Severity and Outcomes Among Children Hospitalized With Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Soweto, South Africa.

Background: No data are available regarding the interplay and clinical manifestations of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) coinfection in African children. We compared clinical characteristics and outcomes between RSV-only, SARS-CoV-2-only and RSV/SARS-CoV-2 coinfection lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in hospitalized African children.

Methods: Prospective surveillance of children (0-59 months) hospitalized with severe LRTI was undertaken between March 1, 2020, and March 31, 2023, in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Investigating the Genetic Diversity of H5 Avian Influenza Viruses in the United Kingdom from 2020-2022.

Since 2020, the United Kingdom and Europe have experienced annual epizootics of high-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV). The first epizootic, during the autumn/winter of 2020-2021, involved six H5Nx subtypes, although H5N8 HPAIV dominated in the United Kingdom. While genetic assessments of the H5N8 HPAIVs within the United Kingdom demonstrated relative homogeneity, there was a background of other genotypes circulating at a lower degree with different neuraminidase and internal genes.

Experiences of children and young people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown restrictions.

Purpose: To explore the experiences of children and young people (CYP) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic and lock down restrictions.

Methods: Semi-structured, online interviews were conducted with 17 children and young people from the UK, Northern Ireland, aged 10-14 years with ADHD. Over half the participants had a co-existing diagnosis, such as autism spectrum disorder.

Chlorambucil overdose: accidental ingestion of an antineoplastic drug.

A 22-month-old, 10 kg child ingested 32 mg of chlorambucil and developed irritability, myoclonic-like muscle jerks, an exaggerated startle reflex, vomiting, and EEG changes within a few hours. The neurologic symptoms improved overnight, and the patient was discharged at about 28 hours postingestion. During the three weeks of follow-up, mild bone marrow suppression occurred and resolved.