Macrocharcoal Signals in Histosols Reveal Wildfire History of Vast Western Siberian Forest-Peatland Complexes.

Fires are a naturally cyclical factor regulating ecosystems’ function and forming new postfire ecosystems. Peat soils are unique archives that store information about ecological and climatic changes and the history of past fires during the Holocene. The paper presents a reconstruction of the dynamics of fires in the subzone of the middle taiga of Western Siberia in the Holocene.

[Economic aspects of treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia].

A review of the literature dedicated to the economic aspects of drug and surgical treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is presented in the article. Currently, symptomatic therapy, which usually leads to an increase in the financial costs associated with the complications and surgical treatment, is most commonly used. The pathogenetic treatment of BPH (5-alpha reductase inhibitors), including combination therapy, requires an increase in costs, but it is also considered the most cost-effective approach.

Influence of moderately warm and extremely cold climate on properties of basalt plastic armature.

Rods of basalt plastic armature (BPA) of a periodic profile with diameters of 6, 8, 10, 16 and 20 mm on the basis of an epoxy matrix were exposed for 30 months on open stands in a moderately warm marine climate of Gelendzhik and 28 months on similar stands in an extremely cold climate of Yakutsk. For initial and exposed BPA samples, changes of mechanical parameters were determined. After the exposure in Yakutsk, an increase of ultimate compression strength by 4-12% is found, depending on the diameter of rods.

[Parasitic disease of urinary tract system (on the example of schistosomiasis)].

Introduction: The globalization observed in the modern world contributes to the increasing rate of the delivery of "exotic" bacterial and parasitic infections from the tropic countries to Russia and the European countries.

Aim: To analyze the modern early diagnostic tools of premalignant changes and malignant tumors of urinary bladder of schistosome origin in the residents of endemic areas.

Materials And Methods: The current study included an analysis of examination and treatment of 181 patients with bladder schistosomiasis who lived in Benguela province in Angola.

Treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG): Biological markers and simulation studies.

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is the preferred first line treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma (NMIBC) in order to prevent recurrence and progression of cancer. There is ongoing need for the rational selection of i) BCG dose, ii) frequency of BCG administration along with iii) synergistic adjuvant therapy and iv) a reliable set of biochemical markers relevant to tumor response. In this review we evaluate cellular and molecular markers pertinent to the immunological response triggered by the BCG instillation and respective mathematical models of the treatment.