[Morphological peculiarities of esophageal mucosa in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and type ii diabetes mellitus].

The aim of the article was to study morphological features of esophageal mucosa in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The research was conducted on 67 patients with type II diabetes mellitus and GERD and 50 non-diabetic patients with GERD. The histological study of the mucous membrane of the distal esophagus in patients with combined pathology detected parakeratosis and acanthosis, outflows edema and bundles epithelium, surfacial hyperplasia, infiltration of neutrophils and vascular ectasia.

[The effect of peptide-type epiphyseal hormones on the functional activity of the human thyroid in vitro. The characteristics of the action of epiphyseal peptides on the accumulation of cyclic nucleotides in the thyrotoxic thyroid and on its secretory activity].

Reaction of the human TSH-sensitive and TSH-refractory thyroid, obtained from patients with hyperthyroidism, on pineal peptides was studied in vitro. It was shown, that pineal peptides (Epythalamine) are inhibitors of cAMP accumulation and hormone release only of normal and TSH-sensitive thyroid, but are ineffective in case of TSH-refractory thyroid. Thus, pineal peptides are modulators of specific TSH effect.

[The effect of peptide-type epiphyseal hormones on the functional activity of the human thyroid in vitro. The action of epiphyseal peptides on the accumulation of cyclic nucleotides in the normal human thyroid and on its secretory activity].

Effects of pineal peptides on the accumulation of cyclic nucleotides of the human thyroid and its secretory activity were analysed on the basis of the data obtained after operation from patients with nodular euthyroid goiter) incubated with Epithalamine and Epiphisan, were studied. It was shown, that pineal peptides not only inhibited thyroid secretion function and cAMP accumulation, but also acted as modifiers of TSH stimulatory effects.

[Prostaglandins and the thyroid].

Prostaglandins (PG), PGE in particular, exert an effect similar to the stimulating one of thyroidotropic hormone (TTH), a basic regulator of the thyroid function, on the thyroid gland cells. Specific finding of the above compounds with plasma membranes of the gland cells is the first stage of their action. In most cases formation of the PGE-receptor complexes, is followed by the corresponding increase in the intracellular content of cAMP due to adenylate cyclase activation.

[Interactions of thyrotropin and prostaglandins E2 with receptors and their effect on the cAMP levels in human thyroid tissue].

A study was made of the interactions of prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and TTH with receptors and their effect on the cAMP level using thyroid tissue obtained suboperatively from patients with nodular euthyroid goiter and diffuse toxic goiter. There was no significant difference in the kinetic characteristics of TTH-receptor interaction in euthyroid and thyrotoxic thyroid tissue. At the same time in thyrotoxicosis there was a decrease in the pool of free receptors to 3H-PGE2, probably, determined by a rise of the formation of receptor complexes with endogenous PGE2 whose content in thyrotoxic tissue was raised.