Airborne respiratory aerosol transport and deposition in a two-person office using a novel diffusion-based numerical model.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic was caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses transmitted mainly through exposure to airborne respiratory droplets and aerosols carrying the virus.

Objective: To assess the transport and dispersion of respiratory aerosols containing the SARS-CoV-2 virus and other viruses in a small office space using a diffusion-based computational modeling approach.

Methods: A 3-D computational model was used to simulate the airflow inside the 70.

Detailed Investigation of the Contribution of Gas-Phase Air Contaminants to Exposure Risk during Indoor Activities.

Analytical capabilities in atmospheric chemistry provide new opportunities to investigate indoor air. HOMEChem was a chemically comprehensive indoor field campaign designed to investigate how common activities, such as cooking and cleaning, impacted indoor air in a test home. We combined gas-phase chemical data of all compounds, excluding those with concentrations <1 ppt, with established databases of health effect thresholds to evaluate potential risks associated with gas-phase air contaminants and indoor activities.

Survey of residential indoor particulate matter measurements 1990-2019.

We surveyed literature on measurements of indoor particulate matter in all size fractions, in residential environments free of solid fuel combustion (other than wood for recreation or space heating). Data from worldwide studies from 1990 to 2019 were assembled into the most comprehensive collection to date. Out of 2752 publications retrieved, 538 articles from 433 research projects met inclusion criteria and reported unique data, from which more than 2000 unique sets of indoor PM measurements were collected.

Effects of climate change on residential infiltration and air pollution exposure.

Air exchange through infiltration is driven partly by indoor/outdoor temperature differences, and as climate change increases ambient temperatures, such differences could vary considerably even with small ambient temperature increments, altering patterns of exposures to both indoor and outdoor pollutants. We calculated changes in air fluxes through infiltration for prototypical detached homes in nine metropolitan areas in the United States (Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, New York, Phoenix, and Seattle) from 1970-2000 to 2040-2070. The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory model of infiltration was used in combination with climate data from eight regionally downscaled climate models from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program.

Racial differences in the effects of postnatal environmental tobacco smoke on neurodevelopment.

Objectives: We used the 2001-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to examine the association between postnatal environmental tobacco smoke exposure, measured as serum cotinine levels, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among children 4 to 15 years of age. We further investigated the interactions of race and serum cotinine levels with ADHD.

Methods: Logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations.