New Ceramides and Cerebrosides from the Deep-Sea Far Eastern Starfish .

Three new ceramides (1−3) and three new cerebrosides (4, 8, and 9), along with three previously known cerebrosides (ophidiocerebrosides C (5), D (6), and CE-3-2 (7)), were isolated from a deep-sea starfish species, the orange cookie starfish Ceramaster patagonicus. The structures of 1−4, 8, and 9 were determined by the NMR and ESIMS techniques and also through chemical transformations. Ceramides 1−3 contain iso-C21 or C23 Δ9-phytosphingosine as a long-chain base and have C16 or C17 (2R)-2-hydroxy-fatty acids of the normal type.

MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE APPENDIX: CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CASES FROM THE PRACTICE.

The authors have analyzed medical histories of two patients, treated in health care facilities of Kharkiv region from 2008 to 2020. These patients underwent urgent appendectomy, given the existing clinic of acute appendicitis. Morphological examination of the surgical material allowed us to diagnose adenocarcinoma in one case, and neuroendocrine tumor in combination with endometriosis in the other case.

New Conjugates of Polyhydroxysteroids with Long-Chain Fatty Acids from the Deep-Water Far Eastern Starfish and Their Anticancer Activity.

Four new conjugates, esters of polyhydroxysteroids with long-chain fatty acids (-), were isolated from the deep-water Far Eastern starfish Ceramaster patagonicus The structures of - were established by NMR and ESIMS techniques as well as chemical transformations. Unusual compounds - contain the same 5α-cholestane-3β,6β,15α,16β,26-pentahydroxysteroidal moiety and differ from each other in the fatty acid units: 5'Z,11'Z-octadecadienoic (), 11'Z-octadecenoic (), 5'Z,11'Z-eicosadienoic (), and 7'Z-eicosenoic () acids. Previously, only one such steroid conjugate with a fatty acid was known from starfish.

[The characterization of Francisella tularensis mutants and subspecies by using monoclonal antibodies].

Monoclonal antibodies to F.tularensis cells, subspecies holarctica, were studied for the capacity of reacting with F.tularensis, subspecies nearctica, and its mutants having lower virulence and altered capacity for inducing protective immunity to tularemia in laboratory animals.