Is the mitochondrial ATP synthesis solely H-driven, K,H symport-driven or K/H antiport-driven?

Some recent literature experimental data indicate that the mitochondrial ATP synthesis might be not solely H-driven, but K,H symport-driven membrane potential-dependent, considered as a further development of Mitchell's chemiosmotic theory, in contrast to the anti-Mitchell's hypothesis of K/H antiport-driven mechanism. In this short communication, the attention was pointed to a possible influence of the ionic strength of the used KCl incubation medium, versus of only K ions, and of the Mg-induced mitochondrial aggregation in the sucrose medium on the reported rates of the mitochondrial respiration and ATP synthesis. These observations were based on the own author's experimental works published earlier.

VDAC as a voltage-dependent mitochondrial gatekeeper under physiological conditions.

Mitochondria, composed of two membranes, play a key role in energy production in eukaryotic cells. The main function of the inner membrane is oxidative phosphorylation, while the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) seems to control the energy flux and exchange of various charged metabolites between mitochondria and the cytosol. Metabolites cross MOM via the various isoforms of voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC).

Apparent "mild depolarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane" as a result of a possible generation of the outer membrane potential.

Recently reported kinase-linked mild depolarization of mitochondria, which prevents the generation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disappears in various organs of the old mice, has been assumed to represent a crucial component of the mitochondrial anti-aging program. To measure mitochondrial inner membrane potential (IMP), the authors used fluorescent probe safranin O. It is widely accepted that the accumulation of such cationic probes in the mitochondrial matrix depends exclusively on IMP, thus completely ignoring the possibility of the outer membrane potential (OMP) generation.

Cytolytic activity of peptides derived from the Cry11Bb insecticidal toxin of B. thuringiensis subsp. medellin.

A few Bacillus thuringiensis Cry proteins, known as parasporins, have demonstrated cell proliferation inhibition of human cancer cells in vitro after protease activation. In this work, eight peptides derived from the Cry11Bb protoxin produced by B. thuringiensis subsp.

[Is the health care system ready to apply gene therapy preparations?].

The gene therapy is totally new approach to treatment of patient. It has significant therapeutic potential for wide range of diseases, including those caused by genetic disorders. The in vivo therapy is one of types of gene therapy meaning that impact on gene apparatus of somatic cells occurs straight within organism of patient.