[The cerebral venous outflow tract].

It is generally assumed that the jugular veins are the only significant path for cerebral venous drainage. Little attention has been given to the possible role of other venous paths for the cerebral venous outflow. In fact, the meningorachidian venous plexus acts as the major outflow tract of cerebral circulation in the upright position.

Argon pneumoperitoneum is more dangerous than CO2 pneumoperitoneum during venous gas embolism.

Unlabelled: We investigated the possibility of using argon, an inert gas, as a replacement for carbon dioxide (CO2). The tolerance of argon pneumoperitoneum was compared with that of CO2 pneumoperitoneum. Twenty pigs were anesthetized with enflurane 1.

The detection of carbon dioxide embolism during laparoscopy in pigs: a comparison of transesophageal Doppler and end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring.

Background: The aim of the study was to compare the value of transesophageal Doppler and end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring to detect venous carbon dioxide embolism in pigs during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Method: Ten pigs were anesthetized under constant ventilation, and instrumented for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. CO2 pneumoperitoneum was performed at 15 mmHg and then, successive increased intravenous gas boluses of 0.