Incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in persons living with HIV initiated on dolutegravir-based antiretroviral regimen in Ghana: an observational longitudinal study.

Background: Few studies have reported hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis in patients on dolutegravir (DTG) treatment. This study determined the effect of DTG on fasting blood glucose levels in a cohort of persons living with HIV (PLHIV) in Ghana and initiating DTG regimens.

Methods: A two-year observational longitudinal cohort study conducted from 12th October 2020 to 31st December 2022.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) viremia despite tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-containing antiretroviral therapy in persons with HBV/HIV coinfection.

Background: The goal of treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection is suppression of both viruses; yet incomplete HBV suppression on tenofovir (TFV) disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is common. This study investigated TFV resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in individuals with HBV/HIV coinfection with viremia on TDF/lamivudine (3TC)-containing ART.

Methods: Samples from individuals with HBV DNA levels ≥20 IU/mL in a cross-sectional study of 138 persons with HBV/HIV coinfection in Ghana were analyzed in the present study.

Clinico-epidemiological characteristics of adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Ghana.

Introduction: sub-Saharan Africa is experiencing a boom in the number of adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYALHIV). Existing HIV intervention programs are mainly for children and adults living with HIV, with little attention paid to AYALHIV. Characterizing this population is necessary for planning, and designing, AYALHIV-centered HIV intervention programs.

Pharmacogenetic determinants of tenofovir diphosphate and lamivudine triphosphate concentrations in people with HIV/HBV coinfection.

The nucleos(t)ide analogs require phosphorylation to the pharmacologically active anabolites in cells. We investigated the hypothesis that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that encode transporters and phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes involved in tenofovir (TFV), disoproxil fumarate (TDF), and lamivudine (3TC) disposition will be associated with concentrations of their phosphate anabolites and virologic response. Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection receiving TDF/3TC-containing antiretroviral therapy were enrolled.