[Identification of radiation, chemical and combined effects on natural populations of aquatic organisms].

Approaches to the identification of radiation, chemical and combined effects on natural populations of aquatic organisms are proposed. These approaches are based on generalization of our previous experimental data concerning separate and combined effects of ionizing radiation and chemical mutagens (heavy metals and chlororganic compounds) on crustaceans and fishes embryos, as well as on results of field studies carried out before and after the Chernobyl NPP accident. For the identification of damaged factors it is proposed to use the following criteria: a comparison of cytogenetic effects in mutagen equivalent doses, a distribution of chromosome aberrations in cells and a number of aberrations per an aberrant cell.

[The sequelae of the Kyshtym and Chernobyl accidents for hydrobionts].

The results of the works, published in the USSR and the CIS, on studies of the action of radioactive pollution upon hydrobionts in natural conditions were summarized and analyzed. Feasible causes of discrepancy of obtained data were considered.