[Induced abortion and COVID-19 : What changed with the pandemic in 2020].

Objective: The management measures to contain the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2020 has upset the organization of society, particularly the organization of the health system. We aimed to analyze the evolution of induced abortions in the Paris region in 2020 and to highlight the impact of the first confinement.

Method: Data from the National Health Insurance plan was analyzed to study abortion during the pandemic period (2020) compared to the previous four years (2016-2019).

The evolution of infant mortality and neighbourhood inequalities in four world cities: 1988-2016.

Objectives: To determine the level of neighbourhood inequalities in infant mortality (IM) rates in the urban core of four world cities and to examine the association between neighbourhood-level income and IM. We compare our findings with those published in 2004 to better understand how these city health systems have evolved.

Methods: We compare IM rates among and within the four cities using data from four periods: 1988-1992; 1993-1997; 2003-2008 and 2012-2016.

The FEMA GRAS assessment of aliphatic and aromatic terpene hydrocarbons used as flavor ingredients.

This publication is the thirteenth in a series of safety evaluations performed by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). In 1993, the Panel initiated a comprehensive program to re-evaluate the safety of more than 1700 GRAS flavoring substances under conditions of intended use. Since then, the number of flavoring substances has grown to more than 2600 substances.

The FEMA GRAS assessment of alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes and related substances used as flavor ingredients.

This publication is the 12th in a series of safety evaluations performed by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA). In 1993, the Panel initiated a comprehensive program to re-evaluate the safety of more than 1700 GRAS flavoring substances under conditions of intended use. Since then, the number of flavoring substances has grown to more than 2200 chemically-defined substances.

Inhalation toxicity studies: OECD guidelines in relation to REACH and scientific developments.

The OECD Health Effects Test Guidelines (TGs) provide guidance concerning the use of methods for the identification and characterization of hazards from chemical substances. These TGs are largely based on tests in routine use for many years and are known to yield information relevant to various types of toxicity. They have proven their value in practice and will remain of paramount importance for decades to come.