Synchrotron X-ray micro-computed tomography enhances our knowledge of the skull anatomy of a Late Triassic ecteniniid cynodont with hypercanines.

Hypercanines, or hypertrophied canines, are observed in a wide range of both extinct and extant synapsids. In non-mammaliaform cynodonts, the Permo-Triassic forerunners of mammals, long canines are not uncommon, appearing in several unrelated taxa within the clade. Among them is Trucidocynodon riograndensis, a carnivorous ecteniniid cynodont from the Late Triassic of Brazil, which exhibits a specialized dentition, including spear-shaped incisors, very long and narrow canines, and sectorial postcanines with distally oriented cusps, all of which have finely serrated margins.

Seasonal Land Use and Land Cover Mapping in South American Agricultural Watersheds Using Multisource Remote Sensing: The Case of Cuenca Laguna Merín, Uruguay.

Recent advancements in Earth Observation sensors, improved accessibility to imagery and the development of corresponding processing tools have significantly empowered researchers to extract insights from Multisource Remote Sensing. This study aims to use these technologies for mapping summer and winter Land Use/Land Cover features in Cuenca de la Laguna Merín, Uruguay, while comparing the performance of Random Forests, Support Vector Machines, and Gradient-Boosting Tree classifiers. The materials include Sentinel-2, Sentinel-1 and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission imagery, Google Earth Engine, training and validation datasets and quoted classifiers.

Cranial osteology and neuroanatomy of the late Permian reptile and implications for early reptile evolution.

Millerettidae are a group of superficially lizard-like Permian stem reptiles originally hypothesized as relevant to the ancestry of the reptile crown group, and particularly to lepidosaurs and archosaurs. Since the advent of cladistics, millerettids have typically been considered to be more distant relatives of crown reptiles as the earliest-diverging parareptiles and therefore outside of 'Eureptilia'. Despite this cladistic consensus, some conspicuous features of millerettid anatomy invite reconsideration of their relationships.

Size, not phylogeny, explains the morphology of the endosseous labyrinth in the crown clade Crocodylia.

The endosseous labyrinths are associated with several functions, including hearing and spatial orientation. Throughout their evolutionary history, crocodylomorphs have thrived in diverse environments, and the morphology of their endosseous labyrinths has been suggested as a proxy for inferring their lifestyle. However, the relationships between the shape of their endosseous labyrinths and ontogenetic and phylogenetic factors are difficult to interpret and have rarely been investigated in depth previously, particularly in terms of dataset size.

Intra-articular Synovial Ganglion of the Wrist.

Synovial ganglions, common soft tissue tumors of the hand and wrist, typically occur in the dorsal and volar aspects of the wrist, but intra-articular cases are rare. We present a case of a 27-year-old equestrian with persistent left wrist pain who was diagnosed with an intra-articular radiocarpal synovial ganglion after failed conservative management. Arthroscopic resection led to complete resolution of symptoms and functional recovery.