Effect of electromagnetic microwave radiation on the growth of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.

Daily exposure of mouse recipients of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma to electromagnetic radiation of the microwave range leads to a change in the dynamics of tumor growth by decreasing the total number of cells. The number of tumor cells with blebbing morphological signs after microwave radiation increases gradually with tumor growth. The maximum content of tumor cells in the state of blebbing is observed during active proliferation in tumor-recipient mice of the control group (without irradiation).

Occurrence of C(3) and C(4) photosynthesis in cotyledons and leaves of Salsola species (Chenopodiaceae).

Most species of the genus Salsola (Chenopodiaceae) that have been examined exhibit C(4) photosynthesis in leaves. Four Salsola species from Central Asia were investigated in this study to determine the structural and functional relationships in photosynthesis of cotyledons compared to leaves, using anatomical (Kranz versus non-Kranz anatomy, chloroplast ultrastructure) and biochemical (activities of photosynthetic enzymes of the C(3) and C(4) pathways, (14)C labeling of primary photosynthesis products and (13)C/(12)C carbon isotope fractionation) criteria. The species included S.

The worldwide leaf economics spectrum.

Bringing together leaf trait data spanning 2,548 species and 175 sites we describe, for the first time at global scale, a universal spectrum of leaf economics consisting of key chemical, structural and physiological properties. The spectrum runs from quick to slow return on investments of nutrients and dry mass in leaves, and operates largely independently of growth form, plant functional type or biome. Categories along the spectrum would, in general, describe leaf economic variation at the global scale better than plant functional types, because functional types overlap substantially in their leaf traits.

Phylogenetic analysis of tribe Salsoleae (Chenopodiaceae) based on ribosomal ITS sequences: implications for the evolution of photosynthesis types.

Diversity in photosynthetic pathways in the angiosperm family Chenopodiaceae is expressed in both biochemical and anatomical characters. To understand the evolution of photosynthetic diversity, we reconstructed the phylogeny of representative species of tribe Salsoleae of subfamily Salsoloideae, a group that exhibits in microcosm the patterns of photosynthetic variation present in the family as a whole, and examined the distribution of photosynthetic characters on the resulting phylogenetic tree. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred from parsimony analysis of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) of the 18S-26S nuclear ribosomal DNA of 34 species of Salsola and related genera (Halothamnus, Climacoptera, Girgensohnia, Halocharis, and Haloxylon) and representative outgroups from tribes Camphorosmeae (Camphorosma lessingii, Kochia prostrata, and K.

Compartmentation of photosynthesis in cells and tissues of C(4) plants.

Critical to defining photosynthesis in C(4) plants is understanding the intercellular and intracellular compartmentation of enzymes between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells in the leaf. This includes enzymes of the C(4) cycle (including three subtypes), the C(3) pathway and photorespiration. The current state of knowledge of this compartmentation is a consequence of the development and application of different techniques over the past three decades.