Characteristics of the cohort of workers at the Mayak nuclear complex.

At Branch No. 1 of the Russian State Research Center "Biophysics Institute", a registry has been created of workers at the "Mayak" Production Association, the first nuclear complex in Russia. This registry includes 18,830 persons hired at Mayak's nuclear reactors and radiochemical and plutonium production plant between 1948 and 1972.

[Interactions of radiation factors and smoking in the etiology of lung cancer in workers of atomic enterprises].

It was shown on the basis of retrospective investigation of 500 workers at a nuclear enterprise (162 cases of lung cancer, 338 persons as matching control) that the interaction of external gamma-irradiation (> 2.0 Gy) and the body-burden of 239Pu (> 9.3 kBq) at lung cancer incidence in multiplicative.

Estimation of the temporal distribution and dose dependency of lung cancers among workers of nuclear fuel reprocessing plants.

Lung cancer mortality among 4,279 workers at the Mayak nuclear complex who were exposed to chronic irradiation both externally and internally from incorporation of plutonium was analyzed in terms of a linear relative risk model. It is estimated that excess lung cancer risk is about 1.9 Sv(-1), with an average latent period of 24 y.

[Evaluation of the effects of biological and clinical factors on plutonium excretion in man].

The values of the natural urine excretion coefficient in 84 workers have been received. The observations were ranging from 1970 to 1984. To analyse this data the references about radiobiological, medical, anthropometrical and other factors which potentially influence osteotropic radionuclide excretion in man and animals have been studied.

[Wounds and burns of the skin polluted by alpha irradiation in personnel of radiochemistry enterprises].

Records of pollution by plutonium and americium 241 of skin wounds and burns in the personnel of the Mayak plant in 1948-1992 are analyzed. Traumas occurred in 286 (7.2%) workers, mechanical injuries were 84.