[Body composition in sarcopenia in middle-aged individuals].

Unlabelled: Sarcopenia is characterized by a progressive loss of muscle mass, strength, and function, leading to poor outcomes and reduced quality of life. In middle age, the decrease in muscle mass begins to be progressive. Bioimpedancemetry allows diagnosing this condition before the onset of clinical symptoms.

Is there a real need for sputum culture for community-acquired pneumonia diagnostics? Results from a retrospective study in Russia.

Objectives: The mortality rate associated with community-acquired pneumonia is still considered high as it occupies a leading position among all infectious diseases. The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of the respiratory bacterial culture sampling in the clinical practice of the Russian Federation's therapeutic departments and its impact on inpatient care.

Methods: The study included 1,344 patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

UV laser fabrication and modification of fiber Bragg gratings by stitching sub-gratings with in situ fluorescence monitoring.

We present a method for synthesizing complex fiber Bragg gratings using femtosecond UV laser pulses and image projection from a small phase mask. Fiber gratings with arbitrary spectral reflectivity can be achieved by stitching short grating segments with proper phases. The relative phase between neighboring sub-gratings is controlled using in situ UV-excited fluorescence monitoring.

[Preventive cytoprotection in social diseases].

Unlabelled: Among many cytoprotective drugs, only a few of them that have a targeted metabolic effect include agents that partially inhibit oxidation of free fatty acids, the so-called p-FOX inhibitors (partial fatty acid oxidation inhibitors).

Aim: To develop a procedure for the preventive use of meldonium dihydrate in day-hospital patients with comorbidity.

Subjects And Methods: The investigation enrolled 189 patients (116 men and 73 women; mean age, 55.

Probing limits on spatial resolution using nonlinear optical effects and nonclassical light.

Using a simple optical setup to detect and characterize transmission gratings in the far field, we demonstrate that going beyond the diffraction limit is not possible using linear interaction of nonclassical illumination with the target grating. We also confirm that nonlinear optical interactions with the target grating, or with the optical medium around it, do allow improvement in resolution.