Decreased total carbonic anhydrase esterase activity and decreased levels of carbonic anhydrase 1 isozyme in erythrocytes of type II diabetic patients.

In this exploratory study, we investigated total erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase (CA) estrase activity as well as CA I isozyme concentration in patients with diabetes mellitus type II (DM) and healthy individuals of Howard University Hospital community. Total estrase activity of CA was measured spectrophotometrically using p-nitrophenol acetate before and after inhibition with acetazolamide. CA I isozyme was measured by radial immunodiffusion using monoclonal antibody (CA I) in agarose plates.

Ethnic identity and type 2 diabetes health attitudes in Americans of African ancestry.

Background: Exploring the role of ethnic identity may be a good starting point toward a better understanding of health attitudes in different communities. This knowledge would be most useful in addressing diseases that cause significant burden and for which known prevention and morbidity-reducing strategies are effective.

Objective: The main objective was to investigate possible associations between measures of ethnic identity and health attitudes toward type 2 diabetes mellitus by using a questionnaire-based measure.

Coping strategies in families of children with sickle cell disease.

Objective: To examine the impact of family environment, morbidity, and socioeconomic status (SES) on coping strategies in families of children with sickle cell disease.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: The study sample consisted of 40 mothers, 24 fathers, 40 patients, and 28 healthy siblings from 40 African-American families, each of which had only one child with sickle cell disease.