Study of Radiosensitivity and Induction of Radiation Adaptive Response in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Patients with Oncological Diseases Using the Micronuclear Test.

Radiosensitivity to low and medium doses of X-ray radiation and the ability to induce a radiation adaptive response (RAR) of lymphocytes during in vitro irradiation of peripheral blood of patients with cancer were studied. The criterion for cytogenetic damage was the frequency of micronuclei (MN) in cytochalasin-blocked binucleate lymphocytes in culture. It was found that the spontaneous level of cytogenetic damage in the lymphocytes of patients was 2.

Anti-tumor Effect of High Doses of Carbon Ions and X-Rays during Irradiation of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Cells Ex Vivo.

The effect of carbon ions (C) with the energy of 400 MeV/nucleon on the dynamics of induction and growth rate of solid tumors in mice under irradiation of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells (EAC) ex vivo at doses of 5-30 Gy relative to the action of equally effective doses of X-ray radiation was studied. The dynamics of tumor induction under the action of C and X-rays had a similar character and depended on the dose during 3 months of observation. The value of the latent period, both when irradiating cells with C and X-ray, increased with increasing dose, and the interval for tumor induction decreased.

Growth Induction of Solid Ehrlich Ascitic Carcinoma in Mice after Proton Irradiation of Tumor Cells Ex Vivo.

This study presents data on the growth rate and frequency of induction of the solid form of Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) in mice in the short and long term after inoculation of ascitic cells irradiated ex vivo with a proton beam in the dose range of 30-150 Gy. It was shown that the growth rate of solid tumors after inoculation of irradiated cells ex vivo coincided with the growth of tumors in the control group. The frequency of tumor induction in mice after inoculation of EAC cells irradiated at a dose of 30 Gy was 80%, 60 Gy-60%, 90 Gy-25%, and 120 Gy-10%; at irradiation at a dose of 150 Gy, no tumors appeared during the entire observation period.

High-speed low-noise optical respiratory monitoring for spot scanning proton therapy.

Purpose: To investigate a novel optical markerless respiratory sensor for surface guided spot scanning proton therapy and to measure its main technical characteristics.

Methods: The main characteristics of the respiratory sensor including sensitivity, linearity, noise, signal-to-noise, and time delay were measured using a dynamic phantom and electrical measuring equipment on a laboratory stand. The respiratory signals of free breathing and deep-inspiration breath-hold patterns were acquired for various distances with a volunteer.

Radioprotective Effect of Nanocerium by Irradiation of Mice with Carbon Ions in Medium and Lethal Doses.

The data of the study of the radioprotective properties of nanocerium (nCeO) after total irradiation of mice with carbon ions in medium and lethal doses according to the micronucleus test and the criterion of 30-day survival are presented. A significant protective effect of nCeO upon irradiation at medium doses was observed at per os administration for 5 days before irradiation (that is, at long-term prophylactic use). Mouse survival data showed no protective effect of per os administration of nCeO in contrast to the micronucleus test results.