Cortical control of voluntary saccades in Parkinson's disease and pre-emptive perception.

Gamma range EEG has been associated with cognition. Bodis-Wollner et al. [Ann NY Acad Sci 2002;956:464-7] and Forgacs et al.

Upper leg conduction time distinguishes demyelinating neuropathies.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine whether differentiation between demyelinating and axonal neuropathies could be enhanced by comparing conduction time changes in defined segments of the total peripheral nerve pathway.

Methods: Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) were elicited by cathodal stimulation of the tibial nerve at the ankle and popliteal fossa, and by paravertebral neuromagnetic stimulation at proximal and distal cauda equina while recording from muscles of the foot, shin, and thigh. Segmental conduction times were calculated in normal subjects; in patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy, distal symmetric diabetic neuropathy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy; and in patients with anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein, myelomatous, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1a polyneuropathies.

Lymphocyte infiltration of neocortex and hippocampus after a single brief seizure in mice.

Various immune responses have been described in epileptic patients and animal models of epilepsy, but immune responses in brain after a single seizure are poorly understood. We studied immune responses in brain after a single brief generalized tonic-clonic seizure in mice. C57bl/6 mice, either unanesthetized or anesthetized (pentobarbital, ethyl chloride) received either electrical (15-30 mA, 100 Hz, 1s) or sham stimulation (subcutaneous electrodes over frontal lobe, no current).

Focal electrically administered therapy: device parameter effects on stimulus perception in humans.

Background: Focal electrically administered therapy is a new method of transcranial electrical stimulation capable of focal modulation of cerebral activity. Other than invasive studies in animals and examination of motor output in humans, there are limited possibilities for establishing basic principles about how variation in stimulus parameters impact on patterns of intracortical stimulation. This study used a simpler paradigm and evaluated the effects of different stimulation parameters on subjective perception of the quality and location of scalp pain.

Perisaccadic parietal and occipital gamma power in light and in complete darkness.

Our objective was to determine perisaccadic gamma range oscillations in the EEG during voluntary saccades in humans. We evaluated occipital perisaccadic gamma activity both in the presence and absence of visual input, when the observer was blindfolded. We quantified gamma power in the time periods before, during, and after horizontal saccades.