Implementation of HPV-based screening in Burkina Faso: lessons learned from the PARACAO hybrid-effectiveness study.

Background: Cervical cancer screening in sub-Saharan countries relies on primary visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). Primary human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening is considered a promising alternative. However, the implementation and real-life effectiveness of this strategy at the primary-care level in limited-resource contexts remain under explored.

Acceptability of HPV screening among HIV-infected women attending an HIV-dedicated clinic in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

Background: Cervical cancer incidence is high among women living with HIV due to high-risk HPV persistence in the cervix. In low-income countries, cervical cancer screening is based on visual inspection with acetic acid. Implementing human papilloma virus (HPV) screening through self-sampling could increase women's participation and screening performance.

Evaluation of apoptotic- and autophagic-related protein expressions before and after IVM of fresh, slow-frozen and vitrified pre-pubertal mouse testicular tissue.

Study Question: Do freezing and in vitro culture procedures enhance the expression of proteins involved in apoptotic or autophagic pathways in murine pre-pubertal testicular tissue?

Summary Answer: IVM strongly modified apoptosis- and autophagy-related relative protein levels in mice testicular tissue whereas the impact of cryopreservation procedures was minimal at the end of the culture.

What Is Known Already: In vitro spermatogenesis remains a challenging technical issue as it imposes to find a very close balance between survival and death of germ cell natural precursors (i.e.

Vitamin A prevents round spermatid nuclear damage and promotes the production of motile sperm during in vitro maturation of vitrified pre-pubertal mouse testicular tissue.

Study Question: Does vitamin A (retinol, Rol) prevent round spermatid nuclear damage and increase the production of motile sperm during in vitro maturation of vitrified pre-pubertal mouse testicular tissue?

Summary Answer: The supplementation of an in vitro culture of ~0.75 mm testicular explants from pre-pubertal mice with Rol enhances spermatogenesis progression during the first spermatogenic wave.

What Is Known Already: The production of functional spermatozoa in vitro has only been achieved in the mouse model and remains a rare event.

Evaluation of sperm nuclear integrity in patients with different percentages of decapitated sperm in ejaculates.

The decapitated sperm defect is a rare type of teratozoospermia responsible for male infertility. Spermatozoa from patients affected by this syndrome are used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) although little is known about their DNA integrity. This study evaluated sperm nuclear alterations in four patients and ten fertile men (control group).