Comparison of the Power of Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein to Discriminate between Different Aetiologies of Fever in Prolonged Profound Neutropenia: A Single-Centre Prospective Observational Study.

Management of fever in prolonged, profound neutropenia remains challenging with many possible infectious and non-infectious causes. We investigated whether procalcitonin (PCT) is superior to C-reactive protein (CRP) in discriminating between different aetiologies of fever in this setting. CRP and PCT were tested daily during 93 neutropenic episodes in 66 patients.

Testing genotypic and phenotypic resistance in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates of clade B and other clades from children failing antiretroviral therapy.

The emergence of resistance to antiretroviral drugs is a major obstacle to the successful treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients. In this work, we correlate clinical and virological trends such as viral load (VL) and CD4 counts to genotypic and phenotypic antiretroviral (ARV) resistance profiles of HIV-1 isolates from the B and non-B subtypes found in vertically infected children failing ARV therapy. Plasma samples were collected from 52 vertically HIV-1-infected children failing different ARV therapies.

Prevalence of protease and reverse transcriptase drug resistance mutations over time in drug-naïve human immunodeficiency virus type 1-positive individuals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The prevalence of mutations that confer resistance to protease inhibitors and to nucleoside and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in 49 blood samples from drug-naïve human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected blood donors living in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, in 1998 was evaluated genotypically and phenotypically.

Resistance to antiretroviral therapy among patients in Uganda.

Objective: To characterize HIV-1 phenotypic resistance patterns and genotypic mutations among patients taking antiretroviral medications in Uganda.

Methods: We reviewed charts and retrieved archived plasma specimens from patients at an AIDS specialty center in Uganda where antiretroviral therapy has been used since 1996. Phenotypic and genotypic resistance testing was done on specimens associated with a viral load of 1000 copies/ml.