Publications by authors named "V Cavalca"
Article Synopsis
- Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTS) is shown to have long-term effects on the hemostatic system, with patients exhibiting accelerated clot formation and higher levels of platelet activation even years after the initial event.
- In a study of women with TTS, results indicated significant differences in clotting parameters compared to both healthy controls and those with coronary artery disease (CAD), pointing to unique pathophysiological changes in TTS.
- Findings suggest that the persistent alterations in the hemostatic system in TTS patients may contribute to recurrent events, highlighting the need for tailored antiplatelet therapy to mitigate adverse outcomes.
Low-dose aspirin is currently recommended for patients with polycythemia vera (PV), a myeloproliferative neoplasm with increased risk of arterial and venous thromboses. Based on aspirin pharmacodynamics in essential thrombocythemia, a twice-daily regimen is recommended for patients with PV deemed at particularly high thrombotic risk. We investigated the effects of low-dose aspirin on platelet cyclooxygenase activity and in vivo platelet activation in 49 patients with PV, as assessed by serum thromboxane (TX) B and urinary TXA /TXB metabolite (TXM) measurements, respectively.
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- The study examines how the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) affects oxidative stress and the L-arginine/Nitric Oxide metabolic pathway in red blood cells (RBCs) of prediabetic patients.
- Results indicate that glucose ingestion leads to increased oxidative stress and decreased nitric oxide production in RBCs, particularly noticeable at 60 and 120 minutes after glucose loading.
- The researchers suggest that managing acute fluctuations in blood glucose levels might be crucial in preventing complications associated with early diabetes.
Article Synopsis
- Low levels of l-homoarginine (HArg) are linked to cardiovascular disease and increased mortality rates.
- A new targeted metabolomic approach using a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry method allows for the simultaneous quantification of various metabolites in the l-arginine/nitric oxide pathway.
- The study found that this method effectively assesses amino acids in patients with coronary artery disease, revealing an impairment in the Arg/NO metabolic pathway and suggesting differences in regulation based on sex.
Rationale: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is caused by mutations in genes involved in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) metabolism, including those for pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK-9). The effect of PCSK-9 inhibition on the plasma lipidome has been poorly explored.
Objective: Using an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry method, the plasma lipidome of FH subjects before and at different time intervals during treatment with the PCSK-9 inhibitor Evolocumab was explored.